Cèṭa'an:Citation/doc

ka`angghuy the ‹The template Fake citation needed is being considered for merging.›  template, tèngghu [[:{{citation needed}}]].

template Citation menghasilkan tampilan kutipan untuk buku, majalah, kontribusi pada karya bersama, paten, atau halaman web. Jenis kutipan ditentukan berdasarkan pengamatan parameter yang digunakan.

Jika diberikan parameter yang tepat, template ini menghasilkan output identik dengan template Cite, seperti {{Cite book}} dan {{Cite web}}. The default behavior sometimes differs from that of the Cite templates; for example, this template by default generates anchors for Harvard references whereas the Cite templates do not (although they can be made to do so), and this template by default uses commas to separate some fields that the Cite templates separate with periods (full stops).

The template should be inserted after punctuation, such as a period or comma.

Semua nama parameter dalam huruf kecil.

Kutipan sederhana

This template gives the most commonly used attributes. You can copy the horizontal form or vertical form below and then add in extra attributes from the full list. Spacing and ordering is irrelevant.

{{Citation |last= |first= |year= |title= |publisher= |publication-place= |page= |url= |accessdate= }}

{{Citation | last = | first = | year = | title = | publisher = | publication-place = | page = | url = | accessdate = }}

• last: The author's surname or last name. Don't use with author.
• first: The author's first or given name(s).
• year: Year of authorship or publication. Mandatory for use with links from template:Harvard citation, unless |date= specifies both month and year.
• title: Title of the work. Mandatory for web references.
• publisher: The name of the publisher. Omit terms such as Publishers, Co., Inc., Ltd., etc., but retain the words Books or Press. Not normally included where the publication is a periodical which has its own Wikipedia article (e.g. Newsweek, Billboard).
  • publication-place (or place or location): The city of publication. If more than one town/city is listed on the title page, give the first one or the location of the publisher's head office. Omit when the publication is a periodical whose name specifies the location (e.g. The New York Times, The Times of India)
• page: For use when one page is cited. Adds "p." before the page number. Do not use with pages.
• url: A url of an online location where the item can be found. If the url includes double quotes, these must be encoded as "%22".
  • accessdate: Date when the url was accessed.

Contoh

{{Citation | last = Turner | first = Orsamus | title = History of the pioneer settlement of Phelps and Gorham's purchase, and Morris' reserve | publisher = William Alling | place = Rochester, New York | year = 1851 | id = {{OL|7120924W}} }}

Turner, Orsamus (1851), History of the pioneer settlement of Phelps and Gorham's purchase, and Morris' reserve, Rochester, New York: William Alling, Cèṭa'an:OL

Full citation parameters

These can be used for all types of publication except patents. All are optional and indentation is used simply to group related items — these may be mutually exclusive where indicated. Some hyphenated names can also be placed without hyphens.

{{Citation | author = | last = | first = | author2 = | last2 = | first2 = | author-link = | author2-link = | author-separator = | author-name-separator = | author-mask = | display-authors = | editor = | editor-last = | editor-first = | editor2 = | editor2-last = | editor2-first = | editor-link = | editor2-link = | others = | publication-date = | date = | year = | origyear = | title = | chapter = | chapter-url = | chapter-format = | contribution = | contribution-url = | type = | journal = | periodical = | newspaper = | magazine = | work = | edition = | series = | volume = | issue = | publisher = | publication-place = | place = | language = | page = | pages = | nopp = | at = | id = | isbn = | issn = | oclc = | pmid = | pmc = | bibcode = | doi = | doi_inactivedate = | zbl = | url = | accessdate = | format = | archiveurl = | archivedate = | quote = | layurl = | laysource = | laydate = | separator = , | postscript = | ref = }}

Parameter

Pemerian

Tanggal (date)

• date: Date of referenced source. Can be full date (day, month, and year) or partial date (month and year, season and year, or year). Use same format as other publication dates in the citations.Cèṭa'an:R/ref Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and is enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after the website and publisher. For acceptable date formats, see Help:Citation Style 1 § Dates.

Shortened footnotes target full citations using the year specified in this parameter. A lowercase letter may be suffixed to the year to disambiguate {{sfn}} links to multiple works by the same author in the same year,^[more] unless the date is formatted as YYYY-MM-DD. In the latter case, year or ref is required to disambiguate the link targets.

For approximate year, precede with "c. ", like this: |date=c. 1900.

For no date, or "undated", use |date=n.d.

The date of a Web page, PDF, etc. with no visible date can sometimes be established by searching the page source or document code for a created or updated date; a comment for editors such as date=2021-12-25<!--date from page source-->|orig-date=Original date 2011-01-01 can be added.

Automatic date formatting: Citation Style 1 and 2 templates, including this template, automatically render dates in all date parameters (such as |date=, |publication-date=, |access-date=, |archive-date=, etc.) except for |orig-date= in the style specified by the article's {{use dmy dates}} or {{use mdy dates}} template. See those templates' documentation for details.

• year: Year of publication. The more flexible |date= parameter also handles a year by itself. Do not use in combination with the |date= parameter, unless both of the following conditions are met:
  1. Shortened footnotes target multiple citations with same last name and year of publication. (This situation necessitates a CITEREF disambiguator, usually a lowercase letter suffixed to the year.)
  2. The |date= format is YYYY-MM-DD. (This format prevents the addition of a disambiguating letter to the year.)
• orig-date: Original publication date or year; displays in square brackets after the date (or year). For clarity, please supply specifics. For example: |orig-date=First published 1859 or |orig-date=Composed 1904. As |orig-date= does not support automatic date formatting, use the same date format as defined by |df= (or, if it exists in the article, by |cs1-dates= of a {{use dmy dates}} or {{use mdy dates}} template), or as used in the |date= parameter. Alias: orig-year
• df: date format; sets rendered dates to the specified format; does not support date ranges or seasonal dates; overrides the automatic date formatting described above. Accepts one value which may be one of these:

  dmy – set publication dates to day month year format; access- and archive-dates are not modified;

  mdy – as above for month day, year format

  ymd – as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD

  dmy-all – set publication, access-, and archive-dates to day month year format;

  mdy-all – as above for month day, year format

  ymd-all – as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD

Quote

• quote: Teks khusus sè ènokèl ḍâri sombhâr. Èpakaton taghâpè' ḍâlem tora kutipan.

Subscription or registration required

Citations of online sources that require registration or a subscription are acceptable in Wikipedia as documented in Verifiability § Access to sources. As a courtesy to readers and other editors, editors should signal restrictions on access to material provided via the external links included in a citation. These levels describe requirements or constraints related to accessing and viewing the cited material; they are not intended to indicate the ability to reuse, or the copyright status, of the material, since that status is not relevant to verifying claims in articles.

Four access levels can be used:

• access indicator for named identifiers:
  • free: the source is free to read for anyone
• access indicators for url-holding parameters:
  • registration: a free registration with the provider is required to access the source, even if a limited preview, abstract or review may still be available without registration
  • limited: free access is subject to limited trial and a subscription is normally required
  • subscription: the source is only accessible via a paid subscription with the provider of the source ("paywall")

As there are often multiple external links with different access levels in the same citation, each value is attributed to a specific external link.

Access indicators for url-holding parameters

Tèngghu kèya: WP:CONLINK

Online sources linked by |url=, |article-url=, |chapter-url=, |contribution-url=, |entry-url=, |map-url=, and |section-url= are presumed to be free-to-read. When they are not free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. Because the sources linked by these URL-holding parameters are presumed to be free-to-read, they are not marked as free. If the registration/limited/subscription access to the source goes dead and is no longer available, then remove the access-indicator parameter and add |archive-url= and |archive-date= values if possible.

URL-holding and access-indicator parameters

URL	Access	Allowed keywords
|url=	|url-access=	registration limited subscription
|article-url=	|article-url-access=
|chapter-url=	|chapter-url-access=
|contribution-url=	|contribution-url-access=
|entry-url=	|entry-url-access=
|map-url=	|map-url-access=
|section-url=	|section-url-access=

For example, this cites a web page that requires registration but not subscription:

{{cite web |url=https://example.com/nifty_data.php |url-access=registration |date=2021-04-15 |title=Nifty example data}}

which renders as:

"Nifty example data". 2021-04-15.

Access indicator for named identifiers

Links inserted by named identifiers are presumed to lie behind a paywall or registration barrier – exceptions listed below. When they are free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. When the sources linked by these named-identifier parameters are not presumed to carry a free-to-read full text (for instance because they're just abstracting services), they may not be marked as limited, registration, or subscription.

Named-identifier and access-indicator parameters

Identifier	Access	Allowed keywords
|bibcode=	|bibcode-access=	free
|doi=	|doi-access=
|hdl=	|hdl-access=
|jstor=	|jstor-access=
|ol=	|ol-access=
|osti=	|osti-access=
|ssrn=	|ssrn-access=
|s2cid=	|s2cid-access=

Some named-identifiers are always free-to-read. For those named identifiers there are no access-indicator parameters; the access level is automatically indicated by the template. These named identifiers are:

• |arxiv=
• |biorxiv=
• |citeseerx=
• |medrxiv=
• |pmc=
• |rfc=

For embargoed pmc that will become available in the future, see pmc-embargo-date.

Tracking of free DOIs

• The template is able to recognize known free-to-read DOI registrants, based on a list in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration. Once a free registrant is identified, the 10.xxxx/... part of the DOI associated with the registrant can be added to the list under local function build_free_doi_registrants_table(). If |doi-access=free is not set, it will place the page in Category:CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI, which is routinely cleared by User:Citation bot.
• The template is also able to recognize known free-to-read journals, assuming they have a clear 10.xxxx/yyyy.... DOI pattern. Once that pattern is identified, it can be added to Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration under local extended_registrants_t = { with the format ['XXXX'] = {'YYYY'},. If there are multiple journals with the same DOI prefix, they can be grouped together with the format ['XXXX'] = {'YYYY', 'ZZZZ', '...'},.
• If you add a free registrant/free journal to the lists in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration, leave a note at User talk:Citation bot so the bot knows about it.

Contoh

Buku

Three authors, a volume, and an edition. Ampersand (&) forced before final author's name.

{{Citation | last1 = Lincoln | first1 = A. | last2 = Washington | first2 = G. | last3 = Adams | first3 = J. | lastauthoramp = yes | title = All the Presidents' Names | publisher = The Pentagon | place = Home Base, New York | volume = XII | edition = 2nd | year = 2007 }}

Lincoln, A.; Washington, G.; Adams, J. (2007), All the Presidents' Names, vol. XII (2nd ed.), Home Base, New York: The Pentagon {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |lastauthoramp= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)

Web

Web page	{{Citation | url = http://nrhp.focus.nps.gov/ | title = NPS Focus | work = National Register of Historic Places | publisher = [[National Park Service]] | accessdate = November 30, 2010 | ref = none }}	"NPS Focus", National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service, retrieved November 30, 2010
Archived page	{{Citation | url = http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/academy/space/atmosphere.html | title = Earth's Atmosphere | accessdate = October 25, 2007 | publisher = [[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] | year = 1995 | author = NASA | archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071013232332/http:// liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/academy/space/atmosphere.html | archivedate = October 13, 2007 }}	NASA (1995), Earth's Atmosphere, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, archived from the original on October 13, 2007, retrieved October 25, 2007

Journals, koran, majalah, dan periodical lain

Journal article	{{Citation | last = Hill | first = Marvin S. | title = Joseph Smith and the 1826 Trial: New Evidence and New Difficulties | journal = BYU Studies | volume = 12 | issue = 2 | year = 1976 | pages = 1–8 | url = https://byustudies.byu.edu/shop/PDFSRC/12.2Hill.pdf }}	Hill, Marvin S. (1976), "Joseph Smith and the 1826 Trial: New Evidence and New Difficulties" (PDF), BYU Studies, 12 (2): 1–8
Journal article with multiple authors and identifier	{{Citation | last1 = Mandelkern | first1 = M, | last2 = Elias | first2 = J, | last3 = Eden | first3 = D, | last4 = Crothers | first4 = D | display-authors = 2 | title = The dimensions of DNA in solution | journal = J Mol Biol | volume = 152 | issue = 1 | pages = 153–61 | year = 1981 | pmid = 7338906 | doi = 10.1016/0022-2836(81)90099-1 }}	Mandelkern, M,; Elias, J,; et al. (1981), "The dimensions of DNA in solution", J Mol Biol, 152 (1): 153–61, doi:10.1016/0022-2836(81)90099-1, PMID 7338906{{citation}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Newspaper article	{{Citation | last = Smith | first = Joseph III | author-link = Joseph Smith III | title = Last Testimony of Sister Emma | newspaper = The Saints' Herald | publication-place = Plano, IL | volume = 26 | issue = 19 | date = October 1, 1879 | page = 289 | url = http://www.sidneyrigdon.com/dbroadhu/ IL/sain1872.htm#100179 }}	Smith, Joseph III (October 1, 1879), "Last Testimony of Sister Emma", The Saints' Herald, vol. 26, no. 19, Plano, IL, p. 289
Conference paper	{{Citation | last = Sullivan | first = D.B. | contribution = Time and frequency measurement at NIST: The first 100 years | year = 2001 | title = 2001 IEEE Int'l Frequency Control Symp. | publisher = National Institute of Standards and Technology | contribution-url = http://tf.nist.gov/timefreq/general/pdf/1485.pdf | chapter-format = PDF }}	Sullivan, D.B. (2001), "Time and frequency measurement at NIST: The first 100 years" (PDF), 2001 IEEE Int'l Frequency Control Symp., National Institute of Standards and Technology

Parts of books, including encyclopedia articles

Manuscript published in an edited compilation	{{Citation | last = Bidamon | first = Emma Smith | author-link = Emma Hale Smith | chapter = Letter to Emma S. Pilgrim | date = March 27, 1876 | editor-last = Vogel | editor-first = Dan | title = Early Mormon Documents | volume = 1 | publisher = Signature Books | publication-date = 1996 | isbn = 1-56085-072-8 }}	Bidamon, Emma Smith (March 27, 1876), "Letter to Emma S. Pilgrim", in Vogel, Dan (ed.), Early Mormon Documents, vol. 1, Signature Books (published 1996), ISBN 1-56085-072-8 {{citation}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
Work with an editor but no author	{{Citation | editor-last = Vogel | editor-first = Dan | title = Early Mormon Documents | volume = 1 | publisher = Signature Books | publication-date = 1996 | isbn = 1-56085-072-8 }}	Vogel, Dan, ed. (1996), Early Mormon Documents, vol. 1, Signature Books, ISBN 1-56085-072-8
Encyclopedia article by a named author	{{Citation | last = Kramer | first = Martin | author-link = Martin Kramer | contribution = Bernard Lewis | editor-last = Boyd | editor-first = Kelley | title = Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing | volume = 1 | pages = 719–720 | publisher = Fitzroy Dearborn | place = London | publication-date = 1999 | contribution-url = http://www.geocities.com/ martinkramerorg/BernardLewis.htm }}	Kramer, Martin (1999), "Bernard Lewis", in Boyd, Kelley (ed.), Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing, vol. 1, London: Fitzroy Dearborn, pp. 719–720
Encyclopedia article with no named author	{{Citation | contribution = Bernard Lewis | editor-last = Boyd | editor-first = Kelley | title = Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing | volume = 1 | pages = 719–720 | publisher = Fitzroy Dearborn | place = London | year = 1999 | contribution-url = http://www.geocities.com/ martinkramerorg/BernardLewis.htm }}	Boyd, Kelley, ed. (1999), "Bernard Lewis", Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing, vol. 1, London: Fitzroy Dearborn, pp. 719–720

Republications, or edited quotations in a periodical article

Manuscript edited and published in a journal	{{Citation | last = Knight | first = Joseph, Sr. | year = 1833 | editor-last = Jessee | editor-first = Dean | title = Joseph Knight's Recollection of Early Mormon History | journal = BYU Studies | volume = 17 | issue = 1 | publication-date = 1976 | page = 35 | url = https://byustudies.byu.edu/shop/PDFSRC/17.1Jessee.pdf }}	Knight, Joseph, Sr. (1833), Jessee, Dean (ed.), "Joseph Knight's Recollection of Early Mormon History" (PDF), BYU Studies, 17 (1) (published 1976): 35{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Manuscript written at one date and place, then published in a periodical at a different date and place with commentary by the editor.	{{Citation | last = Klingensmith | first = Philip | contribution = Affidavit | date = September 5, 1872 | place = Lincoln County, Nevada | title = Mountain Meadows Massacre | editor-last = Toohy | editor-first = Dennis J. | journal = Corinne Daily Reporter | publication-date = September 24, 1872 | publication-place = Corinne, Utah | volume = 5 | issue = 252 | page = 1 | contribution-url = http://udn.lib.utah.edu/u?/corinne,5359 }}	Klingensmith, Philip (September 5, 1872), written at Lincoln County, Nevada, Toohy, Dennis J. (ed.), "Mountain Meadows Massacre", Corinne Daily Reporter, 5 (252), Corinne, Utah (published September 24, 1872): 1 {{citation}}: |contribution= ignored (help)

Press release

Press release with quotation

{{Citation | url = http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2010/04/05ipad.html | title = Apple Sells Over 300,000 iPads First Day | publisher = Apple Inc | accessdate = April 10, 2010 | quote = in the US as of midnight Saturday, April 3 | ref = none}}

Apple Sells Over 300,000 iPads First Day, Apple Inc, retrieved April 10, 2010, in the US as of midnight Saturday, April 3

Citing patents

Parameters (all are optional)

{{Citation | inventor-last = | inventor-first = | inventorlink = | inventor2-last = | inventor2-first = | inventorlink2 = | publication-date = | issue-date = | title = | country-code = | description = | patent-number = | ref = }}

inventor-last (or inventor1-last): The inventor's surname or last name. inventor-first (or inventor1-first): The inventor's first or given name(s). inventorlink (or inventorlink1): Title of an existing Wikipedia article about the first inventor. inventor2-last, inventor3-last, inventor4-last: The second, third, and fourth authors' surname or last name, if applicable. inventor2-first, inventor3-first, inventor4-first: The second, third, and fourth inventors' first or given name(s), if applicable. inventorlink2, inventorlink3, inventorlink4: Title of an existing Wikipedia article about the second, third, and fourth inventor, if applicable. publication-date: Date of publication or filing. issue-date (or date): Date patent was issued by patent agency. title: Title of the patent. If the title includes [square brackets], these must be encoded as "[" for "[" and "]" for "]" country-code: Two-letter abbreviation of the country issuing the patent. description: Type of patent; shown between country code and number. patent-number: The number of the patent. ref: Anchor id.

Examples

United States patent with multiple inventors

{{Citation | inventor1-last = Degermark | inventor1-first = Mikael | inventor2-last = Brodnik | inventor2-first = Andrej | inventor3-last = Carlsson | inventor3-first = Svante | inventor4-last = Pink | inventor4-first = Stephen | title = Fast routing lookup system using complete prefix tree, bit vector, and pointers in a routing table for determining where to route IP datagrams | issue-date = 2001 | patent-number = 6266706 | country-code = US}}

Cèṭa'an:Citation/patent

Anchored citations

This template can generate a citation that can be combined with shortened footnotes or parenthetical referencing. It does this by creating an HTML anchor containing an ID. The special parameter |ref=harv generates an ID suitable for Harvard referencing templates such as {{harv}} as specified in the next section; this is the default for the {{citation}} template. To disable anchor generation, specify |ref=none (in contrast, other Cite templates such as {{cite book}} and {{cite news}} do not create an anchor by default). You can also specify the ID directly, using the |ref=ID parameter. For example, suppose an article's References section contains the markup:

• {{Citation |author=Sigmund Freud |title=Civilization and Its Discontents |year=1930 |ref=CivDis}}

which generates the citation:

• Sigmund Freud (1930), Civilization and Its Discontents

Then, the markup "([[#CivDis|Freud 1930]])" generates a parenthetical reference "(Freud 1930)" containing a wikilink to the citation (try clicking on the wikilink).

Anchors for Harvard referencing templates

IDs compatible with Harvard referencing templates such as {{harv}} are computed from the last names of the authors and the year of the cited source. For example, the markup "{{harv|Wright|Evans|1851|p=ix}}" generates the Harvard reference "(Wright & Evans 1851, p. ix)", which wikilinks to the citation whose markup and appearance are shown below:

• {{Citation |last1=Wright |first1=Thomas |last2=Evans |first2=R. H. |title=Historical and Descriptive Account of the Caricatures of James Gillray |location=London |publisher=Henry G. Bohn |year=1851 |oclc=59510372}}
• Wright, Thomas; Evans, R. H. (1851), Historical and Descriptive Account of the Caricatures of James Gillray, London: Henry G. Bohn, OCLC 59510372

In this example the {{citation}} template defines, and the {{harv}} template uses, the HTML ID "CITEREFWrightEvans1851", composed by concatenating the string "CITEREF" with the last names of the authors and the year. The {{harvid}} template can be used to generate such IDs, for example, {{harvid|Wright|Evans|1851}} generates "CITEREFWrightEvans1851".

Related methods which leave only a number in the text are to use the {{harvnb}} template enclosed in the <ref></ref> html code, or to use the {{sfn}} template alone. The example above would be <ref>{{harvnb|Wright|Evans|1851|p=ix}}</ref> or {{sfn|Wright|Evans|1851|p=ix}} both of which generate a footnote, such as

17. Wright & Evans 1851, p. ix

The names of only the first four authors are used; other author names are not concatenated to the ID. If no author names are given, editor names are used instead. For patents, inventor names are used instead of authors or editors. If these names are not given, this template does not generate an anchor.

Last names are used, as specified by the parameters |last1= (or |last=), |last2=, |last3=, and |last4=, and similarly for |editor1-last= etc. and for |inventor1-last= etc. If a full name is given but no last name is specified, this template falls back on the full name, but this usage is not recommended. For example, in "{{Citation | author = Sigmund Freud | title = The Ego and the Id | year = 1923}}" no last name is given, so this citation cannot be combined with the Harvard reference "{{harv|Freud|1923}}". To make these {{citation}} and {{harv}} invocations compatible, either replace "|author=Sigmund Freud" with "|first=Sigmund |last=Freud", or add "|ref={{harvid|Freud|1923}}" to the {{citation}} invocation, or add the same ref parameter (say, "|ref=EgoId") to both the {{citation}} and the {{harv}} invocations.

Similarly, the year is used, as specified by |year=. If no year is given, this template attempts to derive the year from |date= (or, if no date is given, from |publication-date=) by applying the MediaWiki#time function. This heuristic works with many common date formats (American, International and ISO 8601 standard format YYYY-MM-DD as listed in WP:MOS), but may not work as expected with other formats, so when in doubt it may be safer to use |year=. Note that if only a year, say 2005, is known you must use |year=2005 rather than |date=2005.

IDs must be unique

Names, years, and hand-specified IDs must be chosen so that the IDs are unique within a page; otherwise the HTML will not conform to the W3C standards, and any references to the citations will not work reliably. For example, suppose a page contains the following two citations with {{harv}}-compatible IDs:

• Montes, G.; Halterman, J. S. (2008a), "Association of Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorders and Loss of Family Income", Pediatrics, 121 (4): e821–6, doi:10.1542/peds.2007-1594, PMID 18381511
• Montes, G.; Halterman, J. S. (2008b), "Child Care Problems and Employment Among Families with Preschool-aged Children with Autism in the United States", Pediatrics, 122 (1): e202–8, doi:10.1542/peds.2007-3037, PMID 18595965

If these citations were altered to say "2008" rather than "2008a" and "2008b", the resulting page would not work, because the two different citations would both attempt to use the ID "CITEREFMontesHalterman2008". To avoid this problem, distinguish the citations by appending suffixes to the years, e.g., "|year=2008a" and "|year=2008b", as was done above. Any Harvard references to these citations should use years with the same suffixes.

It is good practice to verify that a page does not contain duplicate IDs by using the W3C Markup Validation Service; see External links.

Tools

See Wikipedia:Citing sources#Citation templates and tools for a list of tools that can help create a reference in the "citation" format.

template Data

Ariya dokumenna TemplateData ka'angghuy template nèka èghuna'aghi bi' VisualEditor tor alat laènna; see a monthly parameter usage report for this template in articles.

TemplateData untuk Citation

The Citation template generates a citation for a book, periodical, contribution in a collective work, patent, or a web page. It determines the citation type by examining which parameters are used.

Parameter templat

Templat ini lebih menyukai format parameter dalam satu baris.

Parameter		Keterangan	Jenis	Status
author surname	last	surname of the author of the cited material	Kata	opsional
author given name	first	given name (first name) of the author of the cited material	Kata	opsional
title of source	title	Title of source; displays in italics.	Kata	opsional
date of source	date	Full date of source being referenced in the same format as other publication dates in the citations.[1] Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after publisher.	Kata	opsional
url of source	url	URL of an online location where the text of the publication can be found.	Kata	opsional
1	1		Kata	opsional
2	2		Kata	opsional
3	3		Kata	opsional
inventor-surname	inventor-surname		Kata	opsional
inventor1-surname	inventor1-surname		Kata	opsional
inventor-last	inventor-last		Kata	opsional
inventor1-last	inventor1-last		Kata	opsional
inventor	inventor		Kata	opsional
invent1	invent1		Kata	opsional
invent-1	invent-1		Kata	opsional
country-code	country-code		Kata	opsional
inventor2-surname	inventor2-surname		Kata	opsional
inventor2-last	inventor2-last		Kata	opsional
inventor2	inventor2		Kata	opsional
invent2	invent2		Kata	opsional
inventor3-surname	inventor3-surname		Kata	opsional
inventor3-last	inventor3-last		Kata	opsional
inventor3	inventor3		Kata	opsional
invent3	invent3		Kata	opsional
inventor4-surname	inventor4-surname		Kata	opsional
inventor4-last	inventor4-last		Kata	opsional
inventor4	inventor4		Kata	opsional
invent4	invent4		Kata	opsional
inventor-given	inventor-given		Kata	opsional
inventor1-given	inventor1-given		Kata	opsional
inventor-first	inventor-first		Kata	opsional
inventor1-first	inventor1-first		Kata	opsional
inventor2-given	inventor2-given		Kata	opsional
inventor2-first	inventor2-first		Kata	opsional
inventor3-given	inventor3-given		Kata	opsional
inventor3-first	inventor3-first		Kata	opsional
inventor4-given	inventor4-given		Kata	opsional
inventor4-first	inventor4-first		Kata	opsional
inventorlink1	inventorlink1		Kata	opsional
inventorlink	inventorlink		Kata	opsional
inventorlink2	inventorlink2		Kata	opsional
inventorlink3	inventorlink3		Kata	opsional
inventorlink4	inventorlink4		Kata	opsional
country	country		Kata	opsional
publication-number	publication-number		Kata	opsional
patent-number	patent-number		Kata	opsional
number	number		Kata	opsional
description	description		Kata	opsional
status	status		Kata	opsional
publication-date	publication-date		Kata	opsional
pubdate	pubdate		Kata	opsional
issue-date	issue-date		Kata	opsional
gdate	gdate		Kata	opsional
year	year		Kata	opsional
fdate	fdate		Kata	opsional
pridate	pridate		Kata	opsional
assign1	assign1		Kata	opsional
assign2	assign2		Kata	opsional
ref	ref		Kata	opsional
separator	separator		Kata	opsional
quote	quote		Kata	opsional
postscript	postscript		Kata	opsional
author-separator	author-separator		Kata	opsional
author-mask	author-mask		Kata	opsional
authormask	authormask		Kata	opsional
surname	surname		Kata	opsional
last1	last1		Kata	opsional
surname1	surname1		Kata	opsional
author1	author1		Kata	opsional
author	author		Kata	opsional
authors	authors		Kata	opsional
last2	last2		Kata	opsional
surname2	surname2		Kata	opsional
author2	author2		Kata	opsional
last3	last3		Kata	opsional
surname3	surname3		Kata	opsional
author3	author3		Kata	opsional
last4	last4		Kata	opsional
surname4	surname4		Kata	opsional
author4	author4		Kata	opsional
last5	last5		Kata	opsional
surname5	surname5		Kata	opsional
author5	author5		Kata	opsional
last6	last6		Kata	opsional
surname6	surname6		Kata	opsional
author6	author6		Kata	opsional
last7	last7		Kata	opsional
surname7	surname7		Kata	opsional
author7	author7		Kata	opsional
last8	last8		Kata	opsional
surname8	surname8		Kata	opsional
author8	author8		Kata	opsional
last9	last9		Kata	opsional
surname9	surname9		Kata	opsional
author9	author9		Kata	opsional
first1	first1		Kata	opsional
given1	given1		Kata	opsional
given	given		Kata	opsional
first2	first2		Kata	opsional
given2	given2		Kata	opsional
first3	first3		Kata	opsional
given3	given3		Kata	opsional
first4	first4		Kata	opsional
given4	given4		Kata	opsional
first5	first5		Kata	opsional
given5	given5		Kata	opsional
first6	first6		Kata	opsional
given6	given6		Kata	opsional
first7	first7		Kata	opsional
given7	given7		Kata	opsional
first8	first8		Kata	opsional
given8	given8		Kata	opsional
first9	first9		Kata	opsional
given9	given9		Kata	opsional
author-link	author-link		Kata	opsional
author1-link	author1-link		Kata	opsional
authorlink	authorlink		Kata	opsional
authorlink1	authorlink1		Kata	opsional
author2-link	author2-link		Kata	opsional
authorlink2	authorlink2		Kata	opsional
author3-link	author3-link		Kata	opsional
authorlink3	authorlink3		Kata	opsional
author4-link	author4-link		Kata	opsional
authorlink4	authorlink4		Kata	opsional
author5-link	author5-link		Kata	opsional
authorlink5	authorlink5		Kata	opsional
author6-link	author6-link		Kata	opsional
authorlink6	authorlink6		Kata	opsional
author7-link	author7-link		Kata	opsional
authorlink7	authorlink7		Kata	opsional
author8-link	author8-link		Kata	opsional
authorlink8	authorlink8		Kata	opsional
author9-link	author9-link		Kata	opsional
authorlink9	authorlink9		Kata	opsional
coauthor	coauthor		Kata	opsional
coauthors	coauthors		Kata	opsional
origyear	origyear		Kata	opsional
month	month		Kata	opsional
trans_chapter	trans_chapter		Kata	opsional
trans_title	trans_title		Kata	opsional
type	type		Kata	opsional
archiveurl	archiveurl		Kata	opsional
deadurl	deadurl		Kata	opsional
series	series		Kata	opsional
version	version		Kata	opsional
journal	journal		Kata	opsional
periodical	periodical		Kata	opsional
newspaper	newspaper		Kata	opsional
magazine	magazine		Kata	opsional
work	work		Kata	opsional
volume	volume		Kata	opsional
issue	issue		Kata	opsional
pages	pages		Kata	opsional
page	page		Kata	opsional
at	at		Kata	opsional
nopp	nopp		Kata	opsional
chapter	chapter		Kata	opsional
contribution	contribution		Kata	opsional
chapter-url	chapter-url		Kata	opsional
chapterurl	chapterurl		Kata	opsional
contribution-url	contribution-url		Kata	opsional
chapter-format	chapter-format		Kata	opsional
others	others		Kata	opsional
edition	edition		Kata	opsional
place	place		Kata	opsional
location	location		Kata	opsional
publication-place	publication-place		Kata	opsional
publisher	publisher		Kata	opsional
editor-last	editor-last		Kata	opsional
editor-surname	editor-surname		Kata	opsional
editor1-last	editor1-last		Kata	opsional
editor1-surname	editor1-surname		Kata	opsional
editor1	editor1		Kata	opsional
editor	editor		Kata	opsional
editors	editors		Kata	opsional
editor2-last	editor2-last		Kata	opsional
editor2-surname	editor2-surname		Kata	opsional
editor2	editor2		Kata	opsional
editor3-last	editor3-last		Kata	opsional
editor3-surname	editor3-surname		Kata	opsional
editor3	editor3		Kata	opsional
editor4-last	editor4-last		Kata	opsional
editor4-surname	editor4-surname		Kata	opsional
editor4	editor4		Kata	opsional
editor-first	editor-first		Kata	opsional
editor-given	editor-given		Kata	opsional
editor1-first	editor1-first		Kata	opsional
editor1-given	editor1-given		Kata	opsional
editor2-first	editor2-first		Kata	opsional
editor2-given	editor2-given		Kata	opsional
editor3-first	editor3-first		Kata	opsional
editor3-given	editor3-given		Kata	opsional
editor4-first	editor4-first		Kata	opsional
editor4-given	editor4-given		Kata	opsional
editor-link	editor-link		Kata	opsional
editor1-link	editor1-link		Kata	opsional
editor2-link	editor2-link		Kata	opsional
editor3-link	editor3-link		Kata	opsional
editor4-link	editor4-link		Kata	opsional
language	language		Kata	opsional
in	in		Kata	opsional
format	format		Kata	opsional
arxiv	arxiv		Kata	opsional
asin	asin		Kata	opsional
ASIN	ASIN		Kata	opsional
asin-tld	asin-tld		Kata	opsional
bibcode	bibcode		Kata	opsional
doi	doi		Kata	opsional
DOI	DOI		Kata	opsional
doi_inactivedate	doi_inactivedate		Kata	opsional
doi_brokendate	doi_brokendate		Kata	opsional
isbn	isbn		Kata	opsional
ISBN	ISBN		Kata	opsional
issn	issn		Kata	opsional
ISSN	ISSN		Kata	opsional
jfm	jfm		Kata	opsional
JFM	JFM		Kata	opsional
jstor	jstor		Kata	opsional
JSTOR	JSTOR		Kata	opsional
lccn	lccn		Kata	opsional
LCCN	LCCN		Kata	opsional
mr	mr		Kata	opsional
MR	MR		Kata	opsional
oclc	oclc		Kata	opsional
OCLC	OCLC		Kata	opsional
ol	ol		Kata	opsional
OL	OL		Kata	opsional
osti	osti		Kata	opsional
OSTI	OSTI		Kata	opsional
pmc	pmc		Kata	opsional
PMC	PMC		Kata	opsional
pmid	pmid		Kata	opsional
PMID	PMID		Kata	opsional
rfc	rfc		Kata	opsional
RFC	RFC		Kata	opsional
ssrn	ssrn		Kata	opsional
SSRN	SSRN		Kata	opsional
zbl	zbl		Kata	opsional
id	id		Kata	opsional
ID	ID		Kata	opsional
access-date	access-date		Kata	opsional
accessdate	accessdate		Kata	opsional
laysummary	laysummary		Kata	opsional
laysource	laysource		Kata	opsional
laydate	laydate		Kata	opsional
author-name-separator	author-name-separator		Kata	opsional
lastauthoramp	lastauthoramp		Kata	opsional
display-authors	display-authors		Kata	opsional
archivedate	archivedate		Kata	opsional
translator-first	translator-first	tidak ada keterangan	Tak dikenal	opsional
translator-last	translator-last	tidak ada keterangan	Tak dikenal	opsional
translator2-first	translator2-first	tidak ada keterangan	Tak dikenal	opsional
translator2-last	translator2-last	tidak ada keterangan	Tak dikenal	opsional

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