Ruggeru II ḍâri Sisilia

Ruggeru II (22 Ḍèsèmber 1095^[1] – 26 Pèbruwari 1154) iyâ arèya rato Sisilia, potra ḍâri Ruggeru I bân panerrossa ḍâri tarètanna Simuni. Salèrana amolaè kepemimpinanna mènangka Comte Sisilia taon 1105, sè bhâkal dhâddhi Adipati Puglia bân Calabria (1127), pas dhâddhi Raro Sisilia (1130). Ruggeru II ella manyèttongngaghi sakabbhina penduduk Norman è Italia dhâddhi sèttong karajhâ'ân kalabân pamarènta'an sè kowat bân èsentralisasiyâghi.

Latar belakang

Taon 999, petualang Norman ḍâpa' ka Italia Lao'.^[2] Bân è taon 1016, jârèya terlibat è Dâlem politik lokal sè kompleks sè kemma bhângsa Lombard aperrang alabân Kekaisaran Romawi Tèmor. Tentara bâjârân rèya aperrang kalabân moso-moso ḍâri naghârâ-kottha Italia, tapè è abad berikutnya, jârèya dhâddhi pangobâsa utama pamarènta'an Roma Lao'.

Sombher

↑ Houben, Hubert; Loud, Graham A.; Milburn, Diane (2002). Roger II Of Sicily: A Ruler Between East And West.
↑ Barber, Malcolm (2004). Two cities : medieval Europe, 1050-1320. Internet Archive. London ; New York : Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-17414-5.

Daftar Pustaka

Barber, Malcolm (2004). The Two Cities: Medieval Europe 1050–1320. Routledge. ISBN 0415174155.
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Britt, Karen C. (2007). "Roger II of Sicily: Rex, Basileus, and Khalif? Identity, Politics, and Propaganda in the Cappella Palatina". Mediterranean Studies. 16. Penn State University Press: 21–45. doi:10.2307/41167003. JSTOR 41167003.
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Takayama, Hiroshi (1993). The Administration of the Norman Kingdom of Sicily. E.J. Brill.
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"Quantara – Mantle of Roger II of Sicily" www.qantara-med.org.
Sokoly, Jochen (2017). "Textiles and Identity". In Flood, Finbarr Barry; Necipoğlu, Gülru (eds.). A Companion to Islamic Art and Architecture. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 275–299. doi:10.1002/9781119069218.ch11. ISBN 978-1119069218.
"Tiraz: Inscribed Textiles from the Early Islamic Period". Metropolitan Museum. 2015.

[1] Houben, Hubert; Loud, Graham A.; Milburn, Diane (2002). Roger II Of Sicily: A Ruler Between East And West.

[2] Barber, Malcolm (2004). Two cities : medieval Europe, 1050-1320. Internet Archive. London ; New York : Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-17414-5.

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