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Orèng Kurdi

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Orèng Kurdi
کورد
Kurd
Cèṭa'an:Image array
Total population
Estimasi 30[1] hingga 38 juta[2][3]
Regions with significant populations
   Turki12,5-15 juta
15%[1][2][3][4]
   Iran6.5–7.9 juta
7–10%[1][2]
   Irak6,2–6,5 juta
15–23%[1][2]
   Suriah2,2–3 juta
9–15%[2][5][6][7]
   Azerbaijan150.000–180.000[8][9]
   Rusia63.818[10]
   Armenia37.470[11]
   Georgia20.843[12] Diaspora
   Jerman800.000[13]
   IsraelLebih dari 150.000[14]
   Prancis135.000[8]
   Swedia90.000[8]
   Belanda75.000[8]
   Belgia60.000[8]
   United Kingdom49.921[15][16][17]
   Kazakhstan41.431[18]
   Denmark49.000[19]
   Yordania30.000[20]
   Yunani28.000[21]
   United States15.361[22]
    Swiss14.669[23]
   Kirgizstan13.171[24][25]
   Kanada11.685[26]
   Finlandia10.075[27]
   Australia6.991[28]
   Turkmenistan6.097[29]
   Austria2.133[30]
Languages
Kurdi
Dalam beragam bentuk: Kurdi Soran, Kurmanji, Fayli, Kurdi Selatan, Laki, Zaza, Gorani
Religion
Islam
(didominasi Sunni, juga Syiah dan Sufisme) dengan minoritas Ateisme, Agnostisisme, Yazidisme, Zoroastrianisme, Kekristenan dan Yudaisme
Related ethnic groups
Orang-orang Iranik lainnya
Kabbhi angka populasi panèka èperkiraaghi sareng orèng katello'. Turkiye, Iran, bân Suriah ta' makompol otabâ aberri' statistik populasi.

Bhâsa Kurdi ( Bhâsa Kurdi : کورد‎ , Kurd ) panèka sala sèttong suku è Tèmor Tèngghâ, kabânnya'an sè èkennal mènangka Kurdistan Raya. Wilayah panèka èbâdâ'aghi è antara Iran, Irak, Suriah, bân Turki. Bâdâ ètnis sè palèng bhâghus nomer empa' è Timur Tengah saamponna orèng Arab, Turki, bân Persia. Orèng Kurdi panèka bhâsa Iran bân abhâsa Kurdi, bhâsa dâri keluarga bhâsa Iran/Iran, cabang dâri keluarga bhâsa Indo-Eropa.[31]

Orèng Kurdi jumlahna ra-kèra 30 juta. Kabânnya'an dâri rèng-orèng panèka odi' è Asia Bârâ', kalabân komunitas Kurdi sè signifikan è Turki tenggara, Armenia, Georgia, Israel, Azerbaijan, Rusia, Lebanon, bân è dhâlem pan-bârâmpan dhâsa'an samangkèn è pan-bârâmpan naghara Eropa bân Amerika Serikat.

Etimologi

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Asal-usul sè teppa' dâri nyamana "Kurd" ghi' ta' jellas, sanajân èparcajâ jhâ' èmolaè dâri pembentukan kelompok etnis è abad-abad, mon bhunten milenium.

G.S. Reynolds parcajâ jhâ' istilah Kurd kamungkinan bânnya' èkabâliaghi sareng istilah jaman kona Qardu. Akar umum Kurd bân Qardu pertama kalè èsebbhut è tablet Sumeria dâri milenium katello' SM mènangka "tana Kar-da."[32] Saterrossa, Hennerbichler parcajâ jhâ' istilah Kurd bân label ètnis sè padâ èghâdhui dâri batang Sumeria "kur," artèna gunong.

Oca' Kurd pertama kalè ètolès è sumber-sumber kalabân bhângon Kurt (kwrt-) è risalah-risalah Persia Tengnga (Karnamak Ardashir Papakan bân Matadakan i Hazar Dastan). Istilah panèka èghunaaghi kaangghuy ngajhâri kelompok sosial otabâ suku sè bâdâ sabellunna perkembangan naghârâ etnis modern. Istilah panèka èghâdhui sareng para sastrawan Arab è jaman Islam awal bân èmolaè èkabâ'aghi kalabân èmaksod ghâbây amalgamasi suku-suku Iran nomaden bân orèng-orèng sè dhâddhi orèng Iran bân kalompo' è wilayah panèka.

Sherefxan Bidlisi nyataaghi jhâ' bâdâ empa' divisi etnis Kurdi: Kurmanji, Lur, Kalhor, bân Guran, sè bhân-sabbhânna acaca dialek otabâ bhâsa sè bhân-sabbhân. dâri panèka, menorot Ludwig Paul, namong Kurmanji bân mungkin Kalhuri sè ècocokkaghi sareng Kurdi, è bâkto Luri bân Gurani panèka bhâsa sè bhân-sabbhân. Namong, Ludwig nolès jhâ' linguistik ta' apareng definisi bila bhâsa dhâddhi dialèk, bân kalabân cara ghâpanèka, faktor-faktor non-linguistik aghâdhui kontribusi dâ' kasatuwan ètnis dâri pan-bârâmpan kalompo' sè abhâsa Kurmanji, Kalhur, bân Guran.

Referensi

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 CIA - The World Factbook: 35 million in Turkey (18%)[1] Diarsipkan 2017-09-20 di Wayback Machine., 8–9 million in Iraq (15–20%)[2] Diarsipkan 2018-12-24 di Wayback Machine., 12 million in Iran(10%)[3] Diarsipkan 2012-02-03 di Wayback Machine. (all for 2012), plus several million in Syria, neighboring countries, and the diaspora
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 The Kurds: culture and language rights (Kerim Yildiz, Georgina Fryer, Kurdish Human Rights Project; 2004): 18% of Turkey, 20% of Iraq, 8% of Iran, 9.6%+ of Syria; plus 1–2 million in neighboring countries and the diaspora
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 Sandra Mackey , “The reckoning: Iraq and the legacy of Saddam”, W.W. Norton and Company, 2002. Excerpt from pg 350: “As much as 25% of Turkey is Kurdish.”
  4. ↑ Kürtlerin nüfusu 40 milyonda İstanbul"da 6 milyon Kürt yaşıyor – Radikal Dizi. Radikal.com.tr. Retrieved on 2013-07-12.
  5. ↑ Studying the Kurds in Syria: Challenges and Opportunities|Lowe|Syrian Studies Association Bulletin Diarsipkan 2013-09-29 di Wayback Machine.. Ojcs.siue.edu. Retrieved on 2013-07-12.
  6. ↑ Henriques, John L. "Syria: issues and historical background". Nova Science Publishers,.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  7. ↑ Gul, Zana Khasraw (22 July 2013). "Where are the Syrian Kurds heading amidst the civil war in Syria?". Open Democracy. Archived from the original on 2014-01-10. Retrieved 4 November 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 8,2 8,3 8,4 "The cultural situation of the Kurds, A report by Lord Russell-Johnston, Council of Europe, July 2006. Retrieved 11.01.2015.
  9. ↑ Ismet Chériff Vanly, “The Kurds in the Soviet Union”, in: Philip G. Kreyenbroek & S. Sperl (eds.), The Kurds: A Contemporary Overview (London: Routledge, 1992). pg 164: Table based on 1990 estimates: Azerbaijan (180,000), Armenia (50,000), Georgia (40,000), Kazakhstan (30,000), Kyrghizistan (20,000), Uzbekistan (10,000), Tajikistan (3,000), Turkmenistan (50,000), Siberia (35,000), Krasnodar (20,000), Other (12,000), Total 450,000
  10. ↑ "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 г. Национальный состав населения Российской Федерации". Demoscope. Demoscope. Retrieved 4 July 2012.
  11. ↑ "Information from the 2011 Armenian National Census" (PDF). Statistics of Armenia (in Armenian). Retrieved 27 May 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  12. ↑ "The Human Rights situation of the Yezidi minority in the Transcaucasus" (PDF). United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. p. 18.
  13. ↑ "Camps built in Germany, Austria to win new members for PKK, reports reveal". Zaman. 9 August 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-08-09. Retrieved 28 October 2012. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  14. ↑ "Jewish Kurds from Iraq, Syria attend Jerusalem festival". I24 News. Retrieved 2013-09-11.
  15. ↑ "QS211EW - Ethnic group (detailed)". nomis. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
  16. ↑ "Ethnic Group - Full Detail_QS201NI". Archived from the original on 2019-09-23. Retrieved 4 September 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  17. ↑ "Scotland's Census 2011 - National Records of Scotland, Language used at home other than English (detailed)" (PDF). Scotland Census. Scotland Census. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-02-15. Retrieved 29 September 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  18. ↑ Қазақстан Республикасы Статистика агенттігі. ҚАЗАҚСТАННЫҢ ЭТНОДЕМОГРАФИЯЛЫҚ ЖЫЛНАМАЛЫҒЫ Diarsipkan 2014-02-22 di Wayback Machine. ЭТНОДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКИЙ ЕЖЕГОДНИК КАЗАХСТАНА 2013
  19. ↑ "Fakta: Kurdere i Danmark". Jyllandsposten (in Danish). 8 May 2006. Retrieved 24 December 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  20. ↑ Mahmoud A. Al-Khatib and Mohammed N. Al-Ali. "Language and Cultural Shift Among the Kurds of Jordan" (PDF). p. 12. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 October 2018. Retrieved 10 November 2012.
  21. ↑ "Kurds Flee Persecution for 'Sympathetic Shores' of Greece". The Christian Science Monitor. 12 January 1998. Retrieved 22 December 2013.
  22. ↑ "2006–2010 American Community Survey Selected Population Tables". Government of the United States of America. Government of the United States of America. Retrieved 5 August 2013.
  23. ↑ "Population résidante permanente de 15 ans et plus, ayant comme langue principale: kurde, en 2012". Statistics of Switzerland. Statistics of Switzerland. Retrieved 28 May 2014.
  24. ↑ "4.1. Number of resident population by selected nationality" (PDF). Government of Kyrgyzstan. United Nations. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-07-10. Retrieved 9 July 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  25. ↑ "Население Кыргызстана" (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2012-09-15. Retrieved 2014-05-31. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  26. ↑ "2011 National Household Survey: Data tables". Statistics of Canada. Statistics of Canada. Retrieved 19 January 2013.
  27. ↑ "Language according to age and sex by region 1990–2011". Statistics Finland. Statistics Finland. Archived from the original on 2013-02-17. Retrieved 19 January 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  28. ↑ "The People of Australia - Statistics from the 2011 census" (PDF). SBS. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-05-29. Retrieved 29 May 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  29. ↑ "Итоги всеобщей переписи населения Туркменистана по национальному составу в 1995 году". asgabat.net (in Russian). asgabat.net. Archived from the original on 2016-03-10. Retrieved 31 July 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  30. ↑ "Tabelle 14: Bevölkerung nach Umgangssprache, Staatsangehörigkeit und Geburtsland" (PDF). Statistics of Austria (in German). Statistics of Austria. p. 75. Retrieved 27 April 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  31. ↑ D.N. Mackenzie, "The Origin of Kurdish", Transactions of Philological Society, 1961, pp 68–86
  32. ↑ G. S. Reynolds, A Reflection on Two Qurʾānic Words (Iblīs and Jūdī), with Attention to the Theories of A. Mingana, Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 124, No. 4 (October –December, 2004), pp. 675–689. (see p.683, 684 & 687)
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