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Ja'far ash-Shadiq

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Ja'far as-Sadiq (Arab: جَعْفَر بْن مُحَمَّد ٱلصَّادِق‎, Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad aṣ-Ṣādiq; ca 702–765), nyama lengkabbhâ Ja'far ibn Muḥammad ibn Alibn Hunsay ibn Abu Talib, panèka narator hadits bân Imam Syiah sè palèng akhèr sè èsepakatè antara Syiah Tèbellas bân Syiah Isma'ili.[1] Èkennal kalabân jhujhur as-Sadiq ("Sè Bhender"), Ja'far panèka sè maddhek aliran fiqh Ja'fari. È dâlem kolèksi hadits kanonik Twelver Shia, lebbi bânnya' hadits sè èkutip ḍâri Ja'far ḍâri sakabbhina Imam laènna èkombinasi, sanajjân atribusi ḍâ' salèrana ètanya'aghi, sè aghâbây malarat kaangghuy nantowaghi ajhârânna sè sabhenderra.[2] È antarana kontribusi teologis ḍâ' salèrana panèka doktrin nass (panoddhu'an Imam sè èilhami sareng Imam sabellunna) bân ismah (ta' sala para Imam), bân jhughân doktrin taqiyyah (tèpoan aghâma è bâkto èaniaya).[3]

As-Sadiq jhughân èhormatè sareng orèng Islam Sunni mènangka pemancar hadits sè ahli,[4][5] bân ghuru ḍâri ulama' Sunni Abu Hanifah bân Malik ibn Anas, nyamana ḍâri aliran Hanafi bân Maliki.[6] As-Sadiq jhughân èkennal è ḍâlem ghâris katoronan bânnya' ordo Sufi.[7] Bânnya' macem karya aghâma bân ilmiyah sè èkobâsa'aghi ghâbây salèrana, sanajjân tadâ' karya tolèsan as-Sadiq sè èsalamettaghi.[5][8][9]

Ja'far as-Sadiq lahèr ra-kèra taon 700, mongkèn jhughân taon 702.[3] Salèrana ra-kèra aomor tello polo petto' taon bâkto ramana, Muhammad al-Baqir, sèdhâ saamponna ngangka' salèrana ḍhâdḍhi Imam salanjhângnga.[10][11] Mènangka Imam Syiah kaennem, al-Sadiq èjhâu'aghi ḍâri konflik politik sè èbâgi dâ' wilayah kasebbhut,[3][12] ècegghâ parnyo'onan sokongan sè ètarèma dâri pemberontak.[13][14] Salèrana panèka korban pan-bârâmpan pelècèhan sareng khalifah Abbasiyah bân akhèrra, mètorot sombher Syiah, èracon polana hasutan khalifah al-Mansur.[15][16] Pètanya suksès saamponna al-Sadiq sèdhâ mabâgi masyarakat Syiah awwâl. Bâḍâ sè ngangghep Imam salanjhângnga panèka potrana sè sarèyang, Ismail al-Mubarak, sè ampon sèdhâ sabellunna ramana. Sè laènna narèma Imamat potrana sè bungso bân tan-tarètanna, Musa al-Kazim. Kalompok sè partama èkennal mènangka Ismaili, è bâkto kalompok sè kaduwâ', sè lebbi ghâghâng, èkennal mènangka Ja'faris otabâ Syiah Du Bellâs.[4]

Kalowarghâ

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Ash-Sadiq akabin sareng Fatimah, katoronna Hasan bin Ali, bân andi' potra duwâ', Isma'il al-Araj bin Ja'far (Imam Isma'ili sè kapèng ennem) bân Abdullah al-Aftah. Salèrana jhughân akabin sareng Hamida al-Khatun, abdhi ḍâri Maghrib otabâ Andalus, sè arèmbi' tello' potra: Musa al-Kazim (Imam kapèng petto' dâri Ithna 'Ash'ariyyah), Muhammad al-Dibaj, bân Ishaq al-Mu'tamin.[17] èkennal mènangka Hamida sè murni bân èhormatè polana èlmo aghâmana. Ash-Sadiq serrèng aberri' saran ghâbây bâbinè' laèn kaangghuy ajhâr ajhârân Islam dâri èpon.[18] èlaporaghi èpoji, "Hamidah bèbas dâri sadhâjâ najis akadhi emmas asli."[19] Ishaq al-Mu'tamin èkabâ' ampon akabin sareng Lady Nafisah, toronanna Hasan ibn Ali.[20]

Sombher

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  1. ↑ Hodgson 1999, kaca 374.
  2. ↑ Buckley 2022a
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 Gleave 2008.
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 Campo 2009.
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 Gleave 2012.
  6. ↑ Chambers & Nosco 2015, kaca 142.
  7. ↑ Algar 2012.
  8. ↑ De Smet 2012.
  9. ↑ Kazemi Moussavi 2012.
  10. ↑ Momen 1985, kaca 38.
  11. ↑ Jafri 1979, kaca 181.
  12. ↑ Amir-Moezzi 1994, kaca 64, 65.
  13. ↑ Amir-Moezzi 1994, kaca 65.
  14. ↑ Donaldson 1933, kaca 130.
  15. ↑ Haywood 2022.
  16. ↑ Tabatabai 1977, kaca 204.
  17. ↑ Pakatchi 2019.
  18. ↑ Abbas 2021, kaca 175, 176.
  19. ↑ Rizvi 2001, kaca 51.
  20. ↑ Kassam & Blomfield 2015, kaca 219.

Rujughân

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  • Amir-Moezzi, Mohammad Ali (1994). The Divine Guide In Early Shiism: The Sources of Esotericism in Islam. Diterjemahkan oleh Streight, David. State University of New York Press. ISBN 0-7914-2122-8.
  • Buckley, Ron P. (2018). Jane Dammen McAuliƦfe (ed.). Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq. Georgetown University, Washington D.C.: Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān. Diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal 29 April 2022. Èaksès tangghâl 5 Agustus 2022.
  • Buckley, Ron P. (2022a). "Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq". Dalam Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett K. (ed.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Three. Vol. 4. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_32681.
  • Buckley, Ron P. (2022b). "Muḥammad Al-Bāqir". Encyclopaedia of Islam (Edisi Third). Brill Referensi Online.
  • Campo, Juan E. (2009). "Jaafar al-Sadiq". Encyclopedia Of Islam. Facts On File, Inc. hlm. 386, 387. ISBN 978-0-8160-5454-1.
  • Chambers, Simone; Nosco, Peter (2015). Dissent on Core Beliefs: Religious and Secular Perspectives. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-10152-4.
  • Daftary, Farhad (2020). Short History of the Ismailis: Traditions of a Muslim Community. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-7922-5.
  • De Smet, Daniel (2012). "JAʿFAR AL-ṢĀDEQ iv. And Esoteric Sciences". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Vol. XIV. hlm. 362–363. Èarsipaghi ḍâri vèrsi aslina tangghâl 17 Mei 2019. Èaksès tangghâl 19 April 2022.
  • Donaldson, Dwight M. (1933). The Shi'ite Religion (A history of Islam in Persia and Irak). London: Luzac and Company.
  • Gleave, Robert (2004). "TAQIYYA". Dalam Martin, Richard C. (ed.). Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim world. Vol. 2. Macmillan Publishers. hlm. 678, 679. ISBN 0-02-865605-9.
  • Gleave, Robert (2008). "JAʿFAR AL-ṢĀDEQ i. Life". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Vol. XIV. hlm. 349–351. Èarsipaghi ḍâri vèrsi aslina tangghâl 17 Mei 2022. Èaksès tangghâl 19 April 2022.
  • Gleave, Robert (2012). "JAʿFAR AL-ṢĀDEQ II - Teachings". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Vol. XIV. hlm. 351–356. Èarsipaghi ḍâri vèrsi aslina tangghâl 23 April 2022. Èaksès tangghâl 19 April 2022
  • Haywood, John A. (2022). "Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq". Encyclopedia Britannica. Èarsipaghi ḍâri vèrsi aslina tangghâl 19 April 2022. Èaksès tangghâl 19 April 2022.
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  • Jafri, S.H.M (1979). Origins and Early Development of Shia Islam. London: Longman
  • Kassam, Zayn; Blomfield, Bridget (2015). "Remembering Fatima and Zaynab: gender in perspective" (PDF). The Shi'i World: Pathways in Tradition and Modernity. 210.
  • Kazemi Moussavi, Ahmad (2012). "JAʿFAR AL-ṢĀDEQ v. And Herbal Medicine". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Vol. XIV. hlm. 264–266. Èarsipaghi ḍâri vèrsi aslina tangghâl 23 October 2021. Èaksès tangghâl 30 Agustus 2021.
  • Momen, Moojan (1985). An Introduction to Shi'i Islam. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-03499-8.
  • Pakatchi, Ahmad (2019). "Ja'far al-Sadiq (a), Imam". Center for the Great Islamic Encyclopedia. Èarsipaghi ḍâri vèrsi aslina tangghâl 5 Juli 2022. Èaksès tangghâl 19 April 2022.
  • Pakatchi, Ahmad (2020). "Abu Basir". Center for the Great Islamic Encyclopedia. Èarsipaghi ḍâri vèrsi aslina tangghâl 26 September 2022. Èaksès tangghâl 26 September 2022.
  • Rizvi, Sayyid Saeed Akhtar (2001). Slavery: Islamic & Western Perspectives. Ahlul Bait Foundation of South Africa. Èarsipaghi ḍâri vèrsi aslina tangghâl 9 Maret 2023. Èaksès tangghâl 18 Mei 2022.
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