Abdurrahman Al-Ghafiqi

Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi (Arab: عبد الرحمن الغافقي), anyama lengkap Abu Sa'id Abdurrahman bin Abdullah bin Bisyr bin ash-Sharim al-Ghafiqi al-Akki (أبو سعيد عبد الرحمن بن عبد الله بن بشر بن الصارم الغافقي العكي),^[1]^[2] iyâ arèya Gubernur Al-Andalus è bâktona Khalifah Umayyah ngobâsaè daera jârèya. Abdurrahman Al-Ghafiqi rèya asalla Dâri Bani Ghafiq, sè aropa'aghi katoronan Dâri Kabilah Bani Akk è Yaman. Abdurrahman Ak-Ghafiqi tamaso' Dâlem kalompo' tabi'in bân sala sèttong moreddhâ Abdullah bin Umar, sè aropa'aghi sahabaddhâ Nabi Muhammad.^[3]^[4]

Abdurrahman Al-Ghafiqi ngallè ka Ifriqiyah terros ka Maghreb pas neng-enneng è Al-Andalus.^[5] Ia menjabat sebagai gubernur al-Andalus selama dua periode. Jârèya ajabat dhâddhi Gubernur Al-Andalus 2 perioDe. Masa jabatan pertamana iyâ arèya è taon 721 sè kemma jârèya dhâddhi ghântèna sementara As-Samah bin Malik Al-Khaulani sampè' Anbasah bin Suhaim Al-Kalbi èyangkat dhâddhi ghântèna sè resmi.^[6] Abdurrahman Al-Ghafiqi abâli ajabat ka'angghuy masa jabatan sè kapèng Duwâ'na è taon 730 M (112 H) bân èyangkat moso U aidah bin Abdurrahman As-Sulami.^[1]^[2] Jârèya pas terros ajabat sampè' èpatè'è Dâlem perrang Balath Asy-Syuhada è taon 732 è wilaya Tourd è semma'na Kottha Paris sè satèya la dhâddhi Ibu Kotana Naghâra Prancis.^[7]^[3]

Mènorot sejarawan islam, kadhâddhiyânna rowa teppa' è taon 113 H,^[8] è masana Khalifah Hisyan bin Abdul Malik.^[9] Èmolaè Dâri Pasukanna sè nabâng pimpinanna mosona, Rato Aquatine bân Pangèran Odo è bâtessa wilaya kobâsana è bâtes Dâjâ, nong-ghunong Pyrened, sè buru, maso' ka wilayana Frank (satèya Prancis), Abdurrahman bân pasukan jhârânna bisa ajhâlân santa' nyemma'è wilaya Tourd semma'na Paris. Sè Charles Martel mamajhu pasukan sè ajhâlân soko (infantri) Dâri pan-saponapan wilaya bân ngala' posisi è tana sè tèngghi bâkto pasukan muslim bâDâ è tana sè manDhâp.^[10]

Duwâ'ân pasukan jârèya ghântè Dep-aDDhebbhân selama 7 arè kalabân bhentoran kènè' sè kemma pasukan jhârânna muslum gagal nembus bhârisân pasukanna Frank sè rapet.^[11] È arè Di-buDina, Dâlem pertempuran sè rajâ, pasukanna Charles nyaloDur ka buDina pasukan muslim bân nyoba' arampas harta rampasan perrangnga muslimin, saèngghâna mamecca konsentrasi pasukanna Abdurrahman sè bâDâ è bhârisân aDâ'. Marè jârèya, pana nyoddhu' ka lèlèrra sè asabâbbâghi kapatèyanna. Marèna bhârisân pasukan muslim nyorot, è malemma, kabbhi pasukanna abâli ka wilaya Andalusia. ^[12]

Selama polowan taon marèna, konflik antara Pepin, potra Dâri Charles Martel èpaterros bân muslim Dâri sè ngobâsaè Umayyah è perbâtessan.^[13]

Referensi

↑ ^1,0 ^1,1 Khairuddin Az-Zirikli. Kitab Al-A'lam Az-Zirikli – Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi (in Arab). Vol. 3. p. 312. Archived from the original on 2023-05-21. Retrieved 2023-05-21. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
↑ ^2,0 ^2,1 Al-Maqrizi. Kitāb al-Muqaffa al-Kabir – Ubaidah bin Abdurrahman as-Sulami (in Arab). Vol. 4. p. 316. Archived from the original on 2023-02-12. Retrieved 2024-12-06. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
↑ ^3,0 ^3,1 Prof. Dr. Raghib As-Sirjani (2013). Bangkit dan Runtuhnya Andalusia (Bukel). Pustaka Al-Kautsar. p. 102. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
↑ Prof. Dr. Raghib As-Sirjani 2013, p. 104–105. harv error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFProf._Dr._Raghib_As-Sirjani2013 (help)
↑ Prof. Dr. Raghib As-Sirjani 2013, p. 103. harv error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFProf._Dr._Raghib_As-Sirjani2013 (help)
↑ Prof. Dr. Raghib As-Sirjani 2013, p. 100. harv error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFProf._Dr._Raghib_As-Sirjani2013 (help)
↑ Prof. Dr. Raghib As-Sirjani (2013). Bangkit dan Runtuhnya Andalusia. Pustaka Al-Kautsar. p. 130. Archived from the original (Bukel) on 2023-06-05. Retrieved 2023-06-12. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
↑ Hasmand, Fedrian. Kronologi Sejarah Islam dan Dunia: (571 M S/D 2016) (in Indonesia). Pustaka Al-Kautsar. p. 37.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
↑ M.Fil.I, Dr Ahmad Choirul Rofiq (2019). Cara Mudah Memahami Sejarah Islam (in Indonesia). IRCiSoD. p. 185. ISBN 978-602-7696-83-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
↑ Atiq, Ari Ghorir (2023-06-10). Peradaban Islam Di Eropa: Dari Penaklukan Andalusia Hingga Runtuhnya Kekhalifahan Umayyah (in Indonesia). Anak Hebat Indonesia. p. 114. ISBN 978-623-400-940-8.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
↑ Uwais, Dr Abdul Halim. Belajar dari Runtuhnya Daulah-Daulah Islam (in Indonesia). Pustaka Al-Kautsar. p. 17.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
↑ Hitti, Philip K. (2005). History of the Arabs: Rujukan induk dan paling otoritatif tentang sejarah peradaban Islam (in Indonesia). Penerbit Serambi. p. 637. ISBN 978-979-3335-97-1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
↑ Menocal, Maria Rosa (2015-09-23). Surga di Andalusia (in Inggris). Noura Books. p. 58. ISBN 978-602-0989-82-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[A'lam-1] 1,0 ^1,1 Khairuddin Az-Zirikli. Kitab Al-A'lam Az-Zirikli – Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi (in Arab). Vol. 3. p. 312. Archived from the original on 2023-05-21. Retrieved 2023-05-21. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[Muqaffa-2] 2,0 ^2,1 Al-Maqrizi. Kitāb al-Muqaffa al-Kabir – Ubaidah bin Abdurrahman as-Sulami (in Arab). Vol. 4. p. 316. Archived from the original on 2023-02-12. Retrieved 2024-12-06. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[Andalusia102-3] 3,0 ^3,1 Prof. Dr. Raghib As-Sirjani (2013). Bangkit dan Runtuhnya Andalusia (Bukel). Pustaka Al-Kautsar. p. 102. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)

[FOOTNOTEProf._Dr._Raghib_As-Sirjani2013104–105-4] Prof. Dr. Raghib As-Sirjani 2013, p. 104–105. harv error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFProf._Dr._Raghib_As-Sirjani2013 (help)

[FOOTNOTEProf._Dr._Raghib_As-Sirjani2013103-5] Prof. Dr. Raghib As-Sirjani 2013, p. 103. harv error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFProf._Dr._Raghib_As-Sirjani2013 (help)

[FOOTNOTEProf._Dr._Raghib_As-Sirjani2013100-6] Prof. Dr. Raghib As-Sirjani 2013, p. 100. harv error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFProf._Dr._Raghib_As-Sirjani2013 (help)

[7] Prof. Dr. Raghib As-Sirjani (2013). Bangkit dan Runtuhnya Andalusia. Pustaka Al-Kautsar. p. 130. Archived from the original (Bukel) on 2023-06-05. Retrieved 2023-06-12. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[8] Hasmand, Fedrian. Kronologi Sejarah Islam dan Dunia: (571 M S/D 2016) (in Indonesia). Pustaka Al-Kautsar. p. 37.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[9] M.Fil.I, Dr Ahmad Choirul Rofiq (2019). Cara Mudah Memahami Sejarah Islam (in Indonesia). IRCiSoD. p. 185. ISBN 978-602-7696-83-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[10] Atiq, Ari Ghorir (2023-06-10). Peradaban Islam Di Eropa: Dari Penaklukan Andalusia Hingga Runtuhnya Kekhalifahan Umayyah (in Indonesia). Anak Hebat Indonesia. p. 114. ISBN 978-623-400-940-8.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[11] Uwais, Dr Abdul Halim. Belajar dari Runtuhnya Daulah-Daulah Islam (in Indonesia). Pustaka Al-Kautsar. p. 17.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[12] Hitti, Philip K. (2005). History of the Arabs: Rujukan induk dan paling otoritatif tentang sejarah peradaban Islam (in Indonesia). Penerbit Serambi. p. 637. ISBN 978-979-3335-97-1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[13] Menocal, Maria Rosa (2015-09-23). Surga di Andalusia (in Inggris). Noura Books. p. 58. ISBN 978-602-0989-82-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

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